Rivet Welding Processing: Impact-Resistant and Wear-Resistant, Facilitating Stable Forming of Heavy Machinery Components

Rivet Welding Processing: Impact-Resistant and Wear-Resistant, Facilitating Stable Forming of Heavy Machinery Components

The core components of heavy machinery (such as mining machinery, construction machinery, and metallurgical equipment) need to withstand high-intensity impact, load, and wear for a long time, thus having extremely high requirements for structural stability and durability. Relying on the process advantages of "impact resistance and wear resistance", rivet welding processing creates a stable and reliable structure for heavy machinery components through the synergistic effect of riveting and welding. This ensures long-term stable operation of the components under harsh working conditions, making it a key process link in heavy machinery manufacturing.

The impact resistance of rivet welding processing stems from the dual structural reinforcement of "riveting + welding". Welding enables metal components to form a continuous molecular bond, and the strength of the weld is close to that of the base metal, which can effectively transfer loads and avoid stress concentration when the components are under force. Riveting, through the mechanical connection of rivets, provides supplementary support for the weld and disperses impact energy. When heavy machinery encounters sudden impacts during operation (such as the reaction force of mining machinery when crushing ore, or the load impact of construction machinery during excavation), the riveting points can buffer part of the impact force, preventing the weld from cracking due to excessive local stress. For example, the bucket arm of a heavy excavator adopts the rivet-welding combined process: welding ensures the integrity of the main structure of the bucket arm, while riveting strengthens the stress-bearing part where the bucket arm connects to the bucket. This enables the bucket arm to withstand frequent excavation impacts without deformation or fracture.

The wear-resistant property is achieved through material selection and process optimization. In the rivet welding processing of heavy machinery components, high-strength alloy steels (such as Q345 and Q690) are usually used as base materials, which themselves have excellent wear-resistant and fatigue-resistant properties. During welding, low-hydrogen electrodes or gas metal arc welding are adopted to reduce pores and inclusions in the weld, improving the compactness and wear resistance of the weld. The rivets used in riveting are also made of high-strength alloy materials, and their surfaces are treated with galvanizing or carburizing to enhance corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Taking the rolling mill stand in metallurgical equipment as an example, its rivet-welded parts are in long-term contact with high-temperature steel and bear rolling pressure. Thanks to high-strength materials and precision rivet welding technology, the wear rate of the stand surface is significantly reduced, and its service life can reach more than 10 years, which is much longer than that of ordinary welded structures.

In the forming process of heavy machinery components, rivet welding processing can also ensure structural stability through process adaptability. According to the stress characteristics of different components, the rivet welding process can be flexibly adjusted: for components bearing symmetric loads (such as the main beam of a crane), a symmetric welding and uniform riveting layout is adopted to ensure force balance; for complex irregular components (such as the gearbox housing of a loader), welding is first used to achieve preliminary forming, and then riveting is added at key stress points to improve structural rigidity. At the same time, after rivet welding processing, stress relief treatments (such as vibratory stress relief and heat treatment) are carried out to reduce the residual stress inside the components, avoiding deformation caused by stress release during long-term use and further ensuring the dimensional accuracy and structural stability of the components after forming.

From the crusher shell of mining machinery to the crawler frame of construction machinery, and then to the continuous casting machine roller bracket of metallurgical equipment, rivet welding processing, with its "impact-resistant and wear-resistant" core performance, lays a solid structural foundation for heavy machinery components. It not only solves the pain points of heavy machinery components such as "easy damage under force and difficult stable forming" but also extends the service life of the components, reduces the maintenance cost and shutdown risk of heavy machinery, and provides key process support for the efficient and safe operation of the heavy machinery industry.